Ejector and injector



(Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

L. B. FULTON. EJEGTOR AND INJEGTOR.

No. 280,733. Patented July 3, 1883.

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UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE.

LOUIS B. FULTON, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

EJ ECTOR AND I'NJ ECTO R.

SECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 280,733, dated July 3,1883,

'Application tiled October 3l, 1882. (Model.)

To'aZZ whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, LoUIs B. FULTON, of Pittsburg, in the county ofAllegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain newand usefulImprovements in Ej ectors and Inj ctors; and I do hereby declare thatthe fol'- lowing is a full, clear, and'exact description of theinvention, which will enable others skilled. in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, inwhich- Figure 1 is a longitudinal section, and Fig. 2 a transversesection, of an ejector with my improvement. Figs. 3 and 4 arelongitudinal sections of another form of ejector, showing myimprovements; and Fig. 5, atransverse section of same. Figs. 6 and/7 arerespectively alongitudinal and transverse section of another form ofejector with my improvements. Fig. 8 is atransverse section of amodification. Fig. 9 is a longitudinal section of another form ofejector with my improvements.

. In ejectors and injectors, as generally constructed, either thesteanrnozzle or the inner head or combining-tube stands partially orwholly across the line of the induction-opening, and, in consequence,the intlowing current of water or liquid is compelled to part into atleast two portions to pass wholly or partially around the steam-nozzle,or around the combining-tube mouth or inner head. In fact, wherecneither the nozzle nor inner head projects in the way of the inflowingcurrent of water, the momentum ofthe uncondensed steam acts as though itwerea solid body, and the inilowing current splits, part rising on eachside, before taking the direction of the axis of the eduction-pipe orcombining-tube.- I have discovered that from this fact arise twodrawbacks to the best possible performance of both ejectors andinjectors. rIhe water rising into the Siphon-head or injector-body,divides, as stated, and then, before it has fully felt'the suction ofthe steam-j et, the two bodies of water meet, and the result is thatpart, at least, of its previously acquired velocity is annihilated, sothat an additional amount of steam must e wasted in recovering suchvelocity; hencethe steam is Vnot allowed to do all vthe work it could doif the velocity were not in this manner destroyed in the head. On theother hand, if, as is nearly always the case, the head of the siphonshould be a little out of truc, the upgoing body of water will beunequally divided, andV the greater portion will preponderate inmomentum. The consequence is that the velocity is partly annihilated andthe remainder rendered ineffective by the resultant spiral directionthereby given the current through the combining-tube or eduction-pipe,thus again rendering a portion of the steam inefficient in the action ofthe siphon or injector.

The object of this invention is to prevent this waste of steam, and indoing so add to t-he efficient power of the device.

The invention accordingly consists, broadly, in providing an ejector orinjector-With a septum o'r wall dividing the head in such manner thatthe body of water or fluid divided by the steam nozzle or jet or by theinner head or combining-tube is not allowed to suffer collision and haveits velocity destroyed; further, in the arrangement and combination ofdevices, as hereinafter fully described and claimed.

In Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings, A designates the head or shell, B theinduction-opening, C the steam branch, and G the combining-tube, all asshown in Letters Patent No. 231,789, granted to me August 31, 1880.

Referring to Fig. 2, it will be readily understood that the current ofwater rising from opening B becomes parted into two portions, which risearound the mouth of the combining-tube G, and above the latter theymeet, and their velocity is at least partly destroyed, with theconsequences already stated. I construct the shell A with a radialseptum or wall, Z), in that part of the shell opposite theinductionopening B, and in line with the axis of the steam jet or jets.This makes the two sides of the shell independent of each other, andindependently subject to the influence of the operating steam-jet, andthe two bodies of water are notv IOO siphon starts very quickly and itsoperation is much improved, the twisting of the deliverycolumn avoided,and for a given steam supply and pressure a greater volume of water canbe siphoned than where the septum b is absent. These advantages accruewhether the device is used as an injector for lifting or forcing, orboth, or as an ejector in any of its many applications. uFig. 3 showsanother form of ejector, in which I form the septum Z) in the upper partof the head II and between it and the inner head I, Fig. fl, thedouble-acting form of the siphon, Fig. 3, also having the septum bpassing along so as to insure the separation of the two bodies of wateruntil they have entered the combining-tube J. Fig. 5 shows the same incross-section. Figs. 6 and 7 sho another double-acting lorm oi' ejector,also having the septum I; similarly arranged. In all of these forms,whether the ejector is single, doubleacting, or triple-acting, the electo1' the septum is the same-namely, a total avoidance ot' the loss ofsteam caused by the destruction or" the velocity of the current of waterby reason of back or counter currents, eddies, twists, or whirls, andaresultant increase of eiiicieney for a given amount and pressure ofsteam.l Any construction which will prevent the direct collision of thetwo bodies of water in a siphon or injector may be adopted. Forinstance, in Fig. S (a view similar to Fig. 2) I show a partial septum,b', curving gradually, so that while the two currents meet beforegetting the axial direction they do not collide to reduce the velocity',but run along side by side unimpeded by cddies or whirls.

In Fig. 9, I show an old-style siphon having my improved septum insertedor cast in place, with a resulting operation which is vastly superior toits operation without the septum.

The septum may be formed in casting the shell, or it may be insertedafterward.

The same principles and construction are also applicable to injectors,whose operation is generically the same as that offejectors, and neednot be specifically described.

I claim as my inventionl. In an ejector or injector in which theinllowing current is divided by the steam nozzle or jet, inner head, orother device, a septum or wall, l), so located, substantially as described, in the head or shell as to prevent the direct collision ofthetwo currents in the head or shell.

2. In an ejector or injector of the class described, a septum ordellector, b, projecting inwardly from the head or shell at a pointabout opposite the induction-opening of the shell, substantially asdescribed.

3. An ejector or injector having an internal septum or detlectorradially arranged in the head in line with the axis ofthe steam-jet andbetween it and the shell of the ejector or injector, substantially asdescribed.

4. An ejector or injector having on or attached to its shell a septum ordeilector radially projecting toward the steam-jet axis, and in linetherewith, substantially as described, whereby the two bodies of waterin the sides ot theshell are prevented from direct collision.

5. In an ejector or injector having an inner head or combining-tubeprojecting into the shell or outer head, the combination therewith ofaninternal septum or deliector projecting from the shell toward and to ornearly to the said inner head or combining-tube, in line with the axisthereof, and extending lengthwise over the entire inwardly-projectingportion of said inner head or combining-tube, substantially asdescribed.

In testimony that I claim the lforegoing as my own I have hereto allixedmy signature in presence of two witnesses.

LOUIS B. FULTON. `Witn csses:

I). E. Davis, T. J. 'Pivlunnstm-

